When was tehran iran founded

Despite his assurances, the Shah did not follow up on his promises, leading to growing discontent and unrest. Finally, there was a confrontation involving a group of clerics and their students in which a student was killed. This violent encounter led to another bast.

This time, between 12, and 14, protestors gathered in the British legation, demanding the formation of a majlis, or parliament. The Shah finally relented, and in August he issued a decree calling for the formation of a national assembly in Iran.

The first majlis convened in October and set about the task of writing a constitution. An ailing Muzaffar al-Din Shah decreed the document they produced into law in December , a few days before his death. In October the new king signed the Supplementary Fundamental Law. Together, the two documents formed the core of the Iranian Constitution. The course of the Constitutional Revolution would remain rocky for some years to come.

The majlis refused, and Russian troops entered northern Iran; they brutally killed some of the leading constitutionalists. Other intellectuals and activists fled Iran. Russian troops stormed the majlis. Under threat of foreign occupation of Iran, the second majlis was dissolved. World War I found Iran in difficult straits. Its economy was shattered, and the country suffered from a growing power vacuum.

In Reza Khan led a group of soldiers into Tehran. He demanded that the cabinet be dissolved and that the failing Qajar shah appoint him commander of the military.

In , the last Qajar shah named Reza Khan as prime minister and then traveled to Europe to seek medical attention, never to return. The Qajar dynasty, which had ruled Iran since , was deposed in Throughout the 19th century, the British and the Russians had vied for concessions to build railroads across Iran, but by the time Reza Shah came to power, no national rail system existed.

The project was financed largely through taxes on sugar and tea; construction was completed in Governor Sardar Afkham of Rasht was killed during a rebellion on February 8, Some 6, Russian troops intervened in support of the Shah beginning on March 26, Government troops ended the blockade of Tabriz on April 25, , and Russian troops captured Tabriz on April 29, Some 1, individuals, including Russian soldiers, were killed during the conflict.

Nationalist troops led by Eprem Khan captured Tehran on July , , resulting in the deaths of 30 nationalists and 27 government soldiers. Azad al-Mulk was appointed as regent. Elections to the Majlis were held in August , and the Majlis convened on November 15, The Iranian government issued an ultimatum to the Mujahidin in Tehran to turn in their weapons on August 4, , and government troops attacked the residence of Sattar Khan in Tehran on August 7, Regent Azad al-Mulk died on September 22, The British government issued an ultimatum to the government on October 14, , which demanded that government troops secure the road between Bushihr and Shiraz in southern Iran.

Some 10, Iranians demonstrated against the British ultimatum and Russian troops in northern Iran on November 17, At the request of the Iranian government, Sweden agreed to provide civilian police assistance on January 3, twenty Swedish police advisors arrived in the country in August Some individuals were killed in political violence between April and July Troops commanded by Arshad al-Dawlah were defeated by government troops near Tehran on September , Arshad al-Dawlah was captured and executed on September 6, Troops commanded by Mohammed Ali Mirza were defeated by government troops near Savadkuh on September 8, Rebel troops led by Salar al-Dawlah were defeated by government troops near Bagh-i Shah, southwest of Tehran, on September 27, Some 1, individuals were killed during the conflict.

Post-Conflict Phase September 28, April 25, : British troops intervened in southern Iran to suppress tribal unrest beginning in October The Russian government issued an ultimatum to the government on November 11, The Russian government imposed diplomatic sanctions suspension of diplomatic relations against the government on November 17, , and some 6, Russian troops occupied northern Iran beginning on November 20, Prime Minister Samsam al-Saltanah resigned on November 12, , and he formed a new government on November 22, The Russian government issued another ultimatum to the Iranian government on November 29, , and the Majlis rejected the ultimatum on December 1, Russian troops captured Tabriz on December , , resulting in the deaths of some individuals.

The Majlis was dissolved after the government accepted the Russian ultimatum on December 24, Russian troops executed eight individuals in Tabriz on January 2, Several other individuals were executed through August Russian troops and Iranian demonstrators clashed in Enzeli and Rasht in January , resulting in the deaths of 43 individuals. Mohammed Ali Mirza led another unsuccessful rebellion against the government in February , and he departed Iran for Baku on March 10, The Majlis was reconvened on November 1, Turkish troops invaded northern Iran in November Turkish troops withdrew from northern Iran on February 26, Several thousand Iranian Christians fled as refugees from northern Iran during the war, and several thousand of the refugees died of starvation.

British troops intervened in northern Iran in Representatives of the British and Iranian governments signed the Anglo-Persian Agreement in Tehran on August 9, , which provided for British military assistance and economic assistance to the Iranian government.

Soviet troops attacked anti-Bolshevik troops in northern Iran on May 18, , and the Iranian government referred the matter to the Council of the League of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland on May 19, Iranian communists established the Soviet Socialist Republic in Rasht in Cossack troops commanded by Colonel Reza Khan overthrew the government in Tehran on February 21, Sayyid Zia Tabatabai formed a government as prime minister on February 22, , and Reza Khan was appointed as commander of the armed forces Sardar Sepah on February 23, Mohammad Mosaddeq, governor of Fars province, refused to accept the premiership of Sayyid Zia on February 24, Iranian and Soviet representatives signed the Iranian-Soviet Treaty of Friendship in Moscow on February 26, , which provided for the withdrawal of Russian troops from northern Iran.

Mohammad Mosaddeq resigned as governor of Fars province on March 5, , and Nosrat al-Saltaneh was appointed as governor of the province on March 6, British troops completed their withdrawal from the country on July 26, The Majlis reconvened on November 22, The Majlis reconvened on June 21, Reza Khan formed a government as prime minister, and Shah Ahmad Mirza fled from the country on October 28, Government troops launched a military offensive against Shaykh Khazal of Muhammarah on November 5, , and Shaykh Khazal surrendered to government troops on December 6, The U.

Some 5, individuals were killed, and some 25, individuals were displaced as a result of political violence between September and April The parliament Majlis convened on December 4, The Tudeh Party was established in The governments of Britain and the Soviet Union agreed to respect the territorial integrity and independence of Iran on January 29, Prime Minister Suhaili resigned on July 30, , and Ahmad Qavam formed a government as prime minister in August Prime Minister Qavam resigned in February , and Ali Suhaili formed a government as prime minister on February 17, The Majlis adjourned on November 22, , but convened again on February 26, The government requested the withdrawal of U.

Sayyid Muhsin Sadr formed a government as prime minister in June Supporters of the left-wing Tudeh Party rebelled against the government in Mazandaran province in northern Iran beginning on August 23, Soviet troops intervened in support of the rebels on August 24, , which prevented Iranian troops from suppressing the rebellion.

Government troops suppressed the rebellion in Mazandaran province in September Prime Minister Sadr resigned in October , and Ibrahim Hakimi formed a government as prime minister in October Conflict Phase November 16, December 13, : The DPA rebelled against the against the government in Azerbaijan province on November 16, , and Soviet troops intervened against government troops near Qazvin on November 21, Britain, the Soviet Union, and the U.

Prime Minister Hakimi resigned on January 20, , and Ahmad Qavam formed a government as prime minister on January 26, Government and Soviet representatives agreed on the withdrawal of Soviet troops on April 4, Soviet troops completed their withdrawal from northern Iran on May 9, Government and Azerbaijan representatives signed an agreement in Tariz on June 13, , which provided for partial provincial autonomy for Azerbaijan.

Prime Minister Qavam formed a coalition government on August 1, , which included three representatives of the Tudeh Party. Nasser Khan Qashqai of the Qashqai tribe led a rebellion against the government in Fars province beginning on September 21, Representatives of the government and Qashqai tribe signed a peace agreement on October 16, Prime Minister Qavam formed a government on October 19, , which excluded the three representatives of the Tudeh Party.

Some 15, government troops entered Azerbaijan province on December 10, , and occupied Tabiz on December 13, Some 2, individuals were killed during the conflict.

General Fazlollah Zahedi is proclaimed prime minister, and the Shah returns from temporary exile. During the late s he becomes increasingly dependent on the SAVAK secret police in controlling opposition movements. Martial law is imposed. They demand the extradition of the Shah, in the US at the time for medical treatment, to face trial in Iran. His government begins work on a major nationalisation programme. This would later become known as the Iran-Contra affair.

On 4 June, President Khamene'i is appointed as new supreme leader. Clashes with security forces lead to six days of rioting and the arrest of more than 1, students.

Liberals and supporters of Khatami wrest control of parliament from conservatives for the first time. The lawyer and human rights campaigner became Iran's first female judge in but was forced to resign after revolution. The city of Bam is devastated. Thousands of reformist candidates were disqualified by the hardline Council of Guardians before the polls.

IAEA says Tehran has failed to suspend the programme. The text was agreed after Russia said it would not support further sanctions. The rival candidates challenge the result, alleging vote-rigging. Their supporters take to the streets, and at least 30 people are killed and more than 1, arrested in the wave of protests that follow.